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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Agrohorti Bulletin (e-Journal) Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Buletin Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Zuriat MIMBAR (Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan) Jurnal Natur Indonesia Microbiology Indonesia Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal AgroBiogen Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Wacana, Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal RISET Geologi dan Pertambangan AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal NERS Jurnal Agroekoteknologi International Journal of Sustainable Tropical Agricultural Sciences Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology UNEJ e-Proceeding Jurnal Penelitian Karet JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) ANNALES BOGORIENSES Constitutional Review ICoTE Proceedings Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Journal of Tropical Crop Science Menara Perkebunan Berkala Penelitian Agronomi Journal of English Language Teaching Innovations and Materials (Jeltim) JIIP (Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan) Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim Jurnal Agrotropika Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan Jurnal Pengabdian Ilung (Inovasi Lahan Basah Unggul) Journal of General-Procedural Dermatology & Venereology Indonesia Jurnal Edukasi Biologi

Sudarsono

Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Author-ID : 387783

Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Tolerance of Several Peanut Cultivars against Drought Stress AHMAD RIDUAN; HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR; JAJAH KOSWARA; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 12 No. 1 (2005): March 2005
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The objectives of this experiments were to determine the effects of drought stress initiated at vegetative growth stage on yield of peanut, to evaluate the tolerance of six peanut cultivars against drought stress, and to determine their leaf prolin and total sugar content. One group of peanut plants were grown in plastic pots and subjected to stress condition during the period of 15-45 days (Experiment I) or 15-80 days (Experiment II) by watering them only in every 4-7 days and were harvested at days 75 (Experiment I) or at maturity (Experiment II). The other group was grown optimally in plastic pot up to harvest period. Leaf prolin content was determined at 12 (before stress), 30 (after three periods of stress), 47 (after six periods of stress), and 64 days in Experiment I and only after six periods of drought stress in Experiment II. Results indicated that drought stress that was initiated at vegetative growth stage reduced plant height, branches number, shoot and root dry weight, and peanut yield. Sensitivity index calculated based on peanut yield showed that peanut cv. Jerapah and Singa were a medium tolerance while Gajah, Kelinci, Macan, and Simpai were sensitive against drought stress. Higher increased in leaf proline content after drought stress was observed in peanut cv. Jerapah and Singa, while less increased was observed in peanut cv. Gajah, Kelinci, Macan and Simpai. Total leaf sugar content of peanut cv. Jerapah, Gajah, Macan and Simpai decreased under drought stress while that of Singa and Kelinci were the same as that under optimal condition. The ability to increase leaf proline content and maintain total leaf sugar content under drought stress could be used as indicators of drought tolerance in peanut cultivars.

In Vitro Selection of Peanut Somatic Embryos on Medium Containing Culture Filtrate of Sclerotium rolfsii and Plantlet Regeneration YUSNITA YUSNITA; WIDODO WIDODO; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 12 No. 2 (2005): June 2005
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Attempts to identify somaclonal variants of peanut with resistance to Sclerotium stem rot disease due to infection of S. rolfsii were conducted. The objectives of this study were to develop in vitro selection method using culture filtrates of S. rolfsii, identify culture filtrate-insensitive somatic embryo (SE) of peanut after in vitro selection and regenerate peanut R0 lines originated from culture filtrate-insensitive SE. To achieve these objectives, peanut embryogenic tissues were cultured on selective medium containing various concentrations of S. rolfsii culture filtrates and sublethal concentration of the filtrates. Medium containing sublethal level of S. rolfsii culture filtrates was used to identify culture filtrate-insensitive SE of peanut. Subsequently, the selected SEs were germinated, plantlets were regenerated and preliminary tested against S. rolfsii. Results of the experiments showed that addition of S. rolfsii culture filtrates into medium for inducing peanut somatic embryos drastically reduced their growth and proliferation. S. rolfsii culture filtrates at 10% concentration has significantly reduced the number of proliferated SE per explant. However, sublethal level was achieved at 30% of culture filtrates concentration. Responses of five peanut cultivars against 30% of culture filtrates were similar, indicating they were similar in their susceptibility against S. rolfsii. A number of culture filtrate-insensitive SE were identified after culturing 1500 clumps of embryogenic tissue of peanut cv. Kelinci for three consecutive passages on medium containing 30% of culture filtrates. Germination of selected SE and regeneration of plantlet from culture filtrate-insensitive SE resulted in 50 peanut R0 lines. These lines have been grown in the plastic house and produced normal seeds for further evaluation. Results of S. rolfsii inoculation indicated the existence of chimera for insensitivity against S. rolfsii.

Yield Potential of Ten Peanut Introgression Lines derived from Crosses between Arachis cardenassii and A. hypogaea AHMAD RIDUAN; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 12 No. 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Diploid species of peanut (Arachis cardenasii) showed no symptoms of PStV infection when mechanically inoculated with PStV. Some introgression lines derived from A. cardenasii and A. hypogaea hybridization have been introduced to Indonesia. Evaluation of their adaptability and yield potential were necessary before pursuing further utilization of these introgression lines. The objectives of this research were to determine yield potential of the introgression lines of peanut in green house and field conditions and to evaluate incidence of PStV infection in the field. Peanut plants were grown in the green house and in the field according to standard procedures for raising peanut. Results of the experiments showed that growth and developmental characters of the tested lines were similar between field and green house grown plants. The introgression lines generally exhibited higher secondary branches and longer to flower and harvest as compared to peanut cv. Gajah and Kelinci. The NC-CS30 line was identfied as having higher yield and bigger seed size as compared to standard peanut cultivars (Gajah and Kelinci). Therefore, NC-CS30 germplasm may be further developed as commercial peanut cultivar or be used as donor for peanut breeding in Indonesia.

Regeneration Capacity of Indica Rice cv. Bengawan Solo in Two Types of Regeneration Media through Microprojectile Bombardment TRI JOKO SANTOSO; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO; HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR; IDA HANARIDA SOMANTRI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2005): December 2005
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Factors affecting the success of gene delivery into cells/tissues of rice mediated by particle bombardment have been investigated. However, their effects on regeneration capacity of rice explants have not been investigated. Objectives of this experiments were to evaluate the effects of particle bombardment on regeneration capacity of indica rice cv. Bengawan Solo calli and the effects of four regeneration media on the development of bombardment calli. Calli of indica rice were initiated from mature seeds on callus-inducing medium. They were transferred on osmoticum containing medium prior to bombardment and maintained on the medium up to two days. Particle bombardment was conducted at 16 cm bombardment distance, 27 cm Hg helium pressure and using standard procedures for preparation of microprojectile particles. The bombarded calli were cultured on RNB or RMS regeneration medium, with or without spermidine addition. Results of the experiment indicated particle bombardment affected the survival of explants of indica rice but did not affect the development of the explants. The development of explants was rather dependent on the regeneration media than on the particle bombardment treatment. RMS medium was better than RNB medium for shoots inducing from bombarded indica rice explants.

Chitinase Activity in Healthy and Sclerotium rolfsii Infected Peanut ENDANG PUDJIHARTATI; SISWANTO SISWANTO; SATRIYAS ILYAS; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 13 No. 2 (2006): June 2006
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The objectives of this experiment were to analyze the endo- or exo-chitinase activities of healthy and Sclerotium rolfsii infected peanuts. The experiment analyzed 24 different peanut genotypes. Results of the experiment showed chromogenic dimer was the most suitable substrate for analysing chitinase activities. Both endo- and exo-chitinases activities were detected in leaf, stem, and crown tissues. Increased in chitinase activities were detected in S. rolfsii infected peanut tissues than in healthy plant. Regression analysis showed negative slope between disease intensity and chitinase activity in S. rolfsii infected peanut tissue (R2= 0.45). Key words: Disease response, stem rot disease, endo- and exo-chitinase

Oxidative Burst, Peroxidase Activity, and Lignin Content of Sclerotium rolfsii Infected Peanut Tissue ENDANG PUDJIHARTATI; SATRIYAS ILYAS; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 13 No. 4 (2006): December 2006
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The objectives of this experiment were to analyse physiological responses, such as oxidative burst reaction, peroxidase activity, and lignin content of healthy and S. rolfsii-infected peanut tissues. Differences in physiological responses among 24 peanut genotypes were determined, the disease severity was calculated and used to group resistance of tested genotypes. The regressions among observed peroxidase activity, lignin content and disease severity were used to determine the possible mechanisms of S. rolfsii resistance in peanut. Peanut seeds were grown in polybag and the growing plants were inoculated at the crown, stem, and leaf tissues. Results of the experiment indicated that infection of S. rolfsii in peanut did not induce oxidative burst. However, infection of the pathogen resulted in increased peroxidase activity and lignin content in the infected tissues. Regression analysis between peroxidase activity and disease severity showed negative slopes, indicating the more resistance the genotype, the more peroxidase activity in the tissue. Regression analysis between lignin content and disease severity was not significant. Key words: hypersensitive response (HR), resistance mechanisms, Sclerotium stem rot, disease response, Arachis hypogaea

In Vitro Selection of Abaca for Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense RULLY DYAH PURWATI; SAID HARRAN; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 14 No. 2 (2007): June 2007
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Abaca (Musa textilis Nee) is an important industrial crop. However, the cultivation of this crop in Indonesia is hampered by Fusarium wilt (Panama disease) as a result of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) infection. The objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate inhibitory effects of culture filtrates (CF) of three Foc isolates (Banyuwangi, Malang, and Bojonegoro isolates) on shoot growth of abaca cv. Tangongon and Sangihe-1, (ii) determine sublethal concentration of Foc CF, (iii) isolate variant cells/tissues which are insensitive against Foc CF and regenerate plantlets from the variants, and (iv) evaluate responses of the plantlets against Foc infection. The results of the experiment showed that even though CF of all Foc isolates inhibited abacaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s shoot growth, CF of Foc Banyuwangi isolate showed the most inhibitory effect. Sublethal concentration of CF of Foc Banyuwangi isolate was 40%. From abaca cv. Tangongon, 326 shoots were regenerated from CF insensitive embryogenic calli while from Sangihe-1 - 176 shoots were regenerated. Following acclimatization and Foc inoculation using detached-leaf dual culture test, a total of four immune, two resistant, and two moderately resistant plantlets were identified out of 45 tested variants of Tangongon. On the other hand, only two resistant and one moderately resistant plantlets were identified out of 10 tested variants of Sangihe-1. Key words: Fusarium wilt, in vitro selection, culture filtrate, ethylmethanesulphonate (EMS), Musa textilis Nee

Nitrogen Resorption and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cacao Agroforestry Systems Managed Differently in Central Sulawesi TRIADIATI TRIADIATI; SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO; EDI GUHARDJA; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO; IBNUL QAYIM; CHRISTOPH LEUSCHNER
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 14 No. 4 (2007): December 2007
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Cacao agroforestry is a traditional form of agriculture practiced by the people of Central Sulawesi. These agroforestry systems vary from a simple system following selective cutting of forest trees, to a more sophisticated planting design. The cacao was planted under remaining forest covers (CF1), under planted trees (CF2), and between shade trees Gliricidia sepium (CP). The objectives of this study were to quantify nitrogen use efficiency (N NUE) and nitrogen resorption in cacao agroforestry systems. The N NUE at the ecosystem scale (N NUEES) for the cacao agroforestry systems were compared with the natural forest. The results showed that CP produced the highest litterfall and cacao foliar nitrogen. CP and CF1 produced litterfall and the nitrogen resorption that not were significantly different. In contrast, CF2 produced the lowest litterfall, hence required lower nitrogen supply. The nitrogen resorption of CF2 was less than that of CF1 and CP. However, N NUE in cacao plant (N NUEC) of CF2 was higher than that of the CP. The N NUEES of either CF1 or CF2 were similar to that of the natural forest, but higher than that of the CP. Using shade trees in cacao plantations increased foliar nitrogen concentration, nitrogen resorption, N NUEC and N NUEES; thus, might be one reason for a higher productivity of cacao in unshaded systems. Key words: cacao agroforestry system, cacao foliar nitrogen, nitrogen resorption, N NUE

Resistance of Abaca Somaclonal Variant Against Fusarium RULLY DYAH PURWATI; SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 14 No. 4 (2007): December 2007
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate responses against F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) infection of abaca variants regenerated using four different methods, (ii) to determine initial root length and plant height effects on survival of inoculated abaca variants, and (iii) to identify Foc resistance abaca variants. In the previous experiment, four abaca variant lines were regenerated from (i) embryogenic calli (TC line), (ii) ethyl methyl sulphonate (EMS) treated embryogenic calli (EMS line), (iii) EMS treated embryogenic calli, followed by in vitro selection on Foc culture filtrate (EMS+CF line), and (iv) EMS treated embryogenic calli, followed by in vitro selection on fusaric acid (EMS+FA line). All abaca variants were grown in a glasshouse and inoculated with Banyuwangi isolate of Foc (Foc Bw). Initial root length (RL) and plant height (PH) of the abaca variants were recorded before inoculation, while scores of plant damage (SPD), and their survival were recorded at 60 days after inoculation (DAI). The results showed that the initial RL and PH did not affect survival of the tested abaca variants. Regardless of their initial RL and PH, susceptible abaca variants died before 60 DAI while resistance ones still survived. Abaca variants regenerated from single clump of embryogenic callus showed an array of responses against Foc Bw infection, indicating the existence of a mix cells population. The Foc Bw resistance abaca variants were successfully identified from four tested abaca variant lines, although with different frequencies. However, more Foc Bw resistance abaca plants were identified from EMS+CF line than the others. Using the developed procedures, 8 resistance abaca plants were identified from abaca cv. Tangongon and 12 from abaca cv. Sangihe-1. Key words: Fusarium wilts resistance, in vitro selection, culture filtrate, fusaric acid, EMS

Inoculation Methods and Conidial Densities of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense in Abaca RULLY DYAH PURWATI; NURUL HIDAYAH; SUDJINDRO SUDJINDRO; SUDARSONO2? SUDARSONO2?
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008): March 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Abaca (Musa textilis Nee) is an important industrial crop. Its cultivation in Indonesia is, however, hampered by the wilt (Panama disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) infections. Developing Foc resistance abaca lines require availability of established and reliable screening methods for resistance against Foc. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the (i) effectiveness of Foc inoculation methods, (ii) extent of Foc conidial densities Ã¢â‚¬â€œ for causing the wilt in abaca, and (iii) responses of ten abaca cultivars against Foc infection. Results of this study showed that the method of inoculation by wounding abaca roots followed submerging the wounded plant in suspension of Foc conidia (106 conidia/ml) for 2 hours before planting was the most effective method for causing the wilt. Among ten abaca cultivars tested, none was resistant to Foc infection. Based on the calculation of disease intensity, nine abaca cultivars were identified as very susceptible, where as one cultivar was susceptible to Foc infection. Key words: Fusarium wilt, panama disease, disease response, screening method, Musa textilis

Co-Authors , Agustiansyah , Rustikawati , Sukendah , Triadiati , Witjaksono ABDUL RACHMAD BUDIONO Ade Wachjar Adisyahputra Adisyahputra, Adisyahputra Agung Endro Nugroho Agus Purwito Agus Rachmat AHMAD RIDUAN Ahmad Surkati Ali Husni Amarillis, Shandra Amarullah, Muhamad Roffi Andrie Al Kausar Anita Yuliyanti Aniversari Apriana Anneke Pesik Anwar, Aswaldi Aprizal Zainal Arfan Nazhri Simamora Arief Hidayat Aris Munandar Asep Setiawan ASMONO, DWI Atmitri Sisharmini Bambang Heliyanto Bambang S. Purwoko BAMBANG SUGIRI Barahima Abbas C J Soegihardjo Cartealy, Imam Civi Cartealy, Imam Civi Catur Herison Cecep Kusmana Christoph Leuschner Clarry Sada Colleen M. Higgins, Colleen M. Darmawan Saptadi Deka Rotama Dewi Sukma Didiek Hadjar Goenadi Diky Anggoro DINARTY, DINY Dini Dinarty, Dini DINI NURDIANI Diny Dinarti Djoko Santoso DWI ANDREAS SANTOSA Dwi Asmono DWI HAPSORO Dwi Hapsoro Edi Guhardja Efendi, Darda Elina, Juanita ELSJE T. TENDA, ELSJE T. Endang Pudjihartati Endrizal Eneng Fakhrunnisa Enni Suwarsi Rahayu Erick Raynalta, Erick Fajar Laksono Suroso Fakhrunnisa, Eneng Fatsan, Ahmad FETRINA OKTAVIA Germini Alam Giyanto . Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariati H. M.H. Bintoro Djoefrie HAJRIAL ASWIDINNOOR Harsini ,, Harsini Hartati, Raden Roro Sri Haryadi Permana Hasriadi Mat Akin Hengky Novarianto Hengky Novarianto Hidayat Pawitan Hiroshi Ehara Hugo Volkaert, Hugo I MADE ARTIKA IBNUL QAYIM IDA HANARIDA SOMANTRI Iim Fatimah Ika Mariska Ikhsanudin Ikhsanudin Irman Firmansyah Ismail Maskromo Ismail Maskromo Iwa Sutardjo, Iwa Iwan Setiawan JAJAH KOSWARA Juang Gema Kartika Jumanto Jumanto Jumanto Jumanto, Jumanto Khoerul Anwar Khursatul Munibah Kukuh Murtilaksono Kukuh Setiawan Kurniasari, Praharisti Kurniawan R. Trijatmiko Kusumo Nugroho Kuswanhadi Kuswanhadi, Kuswanhadi Laksmita Prima Santi Laksono Trisnantoro Lila Yuwana Lollie Agustina P. Putri M. Herman Marbelisa Briliani Mardikaningsih, Agusti Marenda Ishak S MASKROMO, ISMAIL MEITY A. TULALO, MEITY A. Memen Surahman Meynarti Sari Dewi Ibrahim Muchammad Ali Safaat Muhammad Hasyim Bintoro MUHAMMAD HERMAN Muhammad Herman Muhammad Machmud Muhammad Machmud Mutia Dewi Yuniati Neviana Wahyuni Nihayati, Hanik Endang Niniet Indah Arvitrida Noor Cahaya NOVARIANTO, HENGKY Nur Khayati Nurhajati A. Mattjik Nursalam Nursalam Nurul Khumaida Paulus B.K. Santoso Purwaningsih Purwaningsih Purwoko, Devit purwoko, devit R B Gobel Ralf G. Dietzgen, Ralf G. Reni Indrayanti ROEDHY POERWANTO Rr Sri Hartati Rr Sri Hartati, Rr Sri Rr. Sri Hartati Rubiyo Rubiyo RULLY DYAH PURWATI RUSMILAH SUSENO S. Arsyad S. Ilyas Said Harran Saiful Akhyar Lubis SATRIYAS ILYAS Satriyas Ilyas Satya Nugroho Shinta Hadiyantina Sholeh Avivi Siswanto Siswanto Siti Mufidah Siti Sunarintyas SOEKISMAN TJITROSEMITO Sri H. Hidayat Sri H. Hidayat Sri H. Hidayat Sri Indarto Sri S. Harjadi Sri Soenarsih DAS Stephanie Wilamarta Sudari, Sudari Sudibyo Martono Sudirman Yahya SUDJINDRO SUDJINDRO Sugiyanta Sukendah S, Sukendah SUKENDAH SUKENDAH, SUKENDAH Sumali Wiryowidagdo Suryo Wiyono Susilo Indrawati Swastika, Maria Syafaruddin Syafaruddin TENDA, ELSJE T. Teuku Tajuddin TINCHE, nFn Tri J. Santoso Tri J. Santoso Tri Joko Santoso Tri Joko Santoso U.S WIRADISASTRA UJANG KHAIRUL Urai Salam Visia Assyafira Suwarto vyta andri setyo utami Wening Enggarini Widiatmaka . Widiatmaka Widiatmaka Widodo Widodo Wiwin Ambarwulan Yudiwanti Wahyu E. K. Yulis Setiya Dewi Yundari, Yundari Yuni Wibowo Yusnita Yusnita

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